The Humanoid Robotics Nervous System: Perception, Balance, and Real-Time Control
Humanoid robots have moved beyond speculative lab projects to become practical systems intended for operation in human environments such as factories, hospitals, warehouses, and homes. Unlike traditional industrial robots that work in orderly, highly predictable workcells, humanoids must navigate dynamic settings, stay balanced on two legs, interpret human intent, and respond safely in real time, presenting system-level engineering challenges that differ fundamentally from fixed automation.